The early Greeks lived in tribes,each composed of a numbers of families under a leader.A group of tribes had a king.The main occupation are agriculture and herding.The early Greeks had many Gods whom they imagined to be like human beings,though more powerful and immortal.Zeus was the God of the sky and hence caused thunder.Poseidon,God of the sea,raised stroms that sank ships.Appollo,the sun God,could reveal the future.Athena,was the Goddess of victory and patroness of the Arts.Dinosys was the God of wine and there were many others.The Greeks thought their gods lived on mount Olympus.
Around 800 BC,groups of Greek villages began joining into larger units to form city-states.At the highest point in a city-state,an acropolis or citadel was built for defence and city spread out around the acropolis.Such cities were Sparta, Athens, Macedonia, Corinith. Athens and Sparta were two important city-states.The spartans main concern was with militarism and war so much so that the word 'spartan' is often used to mean militaristic.Spartans were fine soldiers,but they contributed little else to Greek culture.
The city state of Athens developed along lines quite different from Sparta.The territories it ruled had been occupied gradually and peacefully and militarim had not developed.Athens had excellent harbours and mineral deposits.Athenians built a posperous trade and culture.Pericles was the most important ruler of Athens.
The Battle of Marathon:-The Greek defeated the Iranian king DariousI at Marathon near Athens.Philip of Macedonia conquered most of states in the year following Athens defeat.Then his son Alexander, set out at the age of 20 to conquer the world.During the 13 years, he compelled all Greece to accept his leadership and conquered the Achaemenid empire.This brought him to border of India where he defeated king Porus on the Jhelum in 326 BC.He sailed down the Indus and then returned to Mesopotamia where he died of fever in 323BC at the age of 32.Alexender's conquests brought many important changes to the world.Trade between Europe and Asia was developed.Many new cities were founded.
In the 2nd Century BC,the Roman empire started expanding eastward.As a result of Roman attack,almost the entire territory of the Greeks and their empire became a part of the Roman Empire.
Around 800 BC,groups of Greek villages began joining into larger units to form city-states.At the highest point in a city-state,an acropolis or citadel was built for defence and city spread out around the acropolis.Such cities were Sparta, Athens, Macedonia, Corinith. Athens and Sparta were two important city-states.The spartans main concern was with militarism and war so much so that the word 'spartan' is often used to mean militaristic.Spartans were fine soldiers,but they contributed little else to Greek culture.
The city state of Athens developed along lines quite different from Sparta.The territories it ruled had been occupied gradually and peacefully and militarim had not developed.Athens had excellent harbours and mineral deposits.Athenians built a posperous trade and culture.Pericles was the most important ruler of Athens.
The Battle of Marathon:-The Greek defeated the Iranian king DariousI at Marathon near Athens.Philip of Macedonia conquered most of states in the year following Athens defeat.Then his son Alexander, set out at the age of 20 to conquer the world.During the 13 years, he compelled all Greece to accept his leadership and conquered the Achaemenid empire.This brought him to border of India where he defeated king Porus on the Jhelum in 326 BC.He sailed down the Indus and then returned to Mesopotamia where he died of fever in 323BC at the age of 32.Alexender's conquests brought many important changes to the world.Trade between Europe and Asia was developed.Many new cities were founded.
In the 2nd Century BC,the Roman empire started expanding eastward.As a result of Roman attack,almost the entire territory of the Greeks and their empire became a part of the Roman Empire.
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